A coalition of civil society organisations and trade unions has called on France to cancel unsustainable African debts and reverse its opposition to a United Nations (UN) sovereign debt restructuring framework, as Africa prepares to spend nearly $90 billion on external debt payments in 2026 alone.
The joint statement, issued ahead of the Africa Forward Summit hosted by France and Kenya on May 11 and 12, named Ghana, Kenya and Zambia among the African countries now devoting between 30 and 50 percent of government revenues to debt servicing, amounts that exceed the combined health and education budgets of most African nations.
Africa’s public debt nearly doubled between 2010 and 2024, rising by 183 percent, partly driven by the economic fallout from the pandemic and a sustained period of elevated global interest rates. Of 36 low-income countries worldwide currently assessed as being at high risk of debt distress, 21 are on the African continent.
Private creditors now hold 43 percent of Africa’s external debt, with multilateral banks accounting for 34 percent and bilateral creditors 23 percent. China leads bilateral lending at 12 percent of Africa’s external debt, while France holds significant influence not only as a creditor but as the coordinating nation of the Paris Club, the informal grouping of Western creditor countries that collectively manages debt relief negotiations.
The coalition accused France of persistent inconsistency, noting that despite President Emmanuel Macron calling in 2020 for a massive cancellation of African debt to help the continent manage the pandemic’s economic impact, no cancellations materialised. A temporary debt suspension was agreed by the G20, but private creditors declined to participate and continued generating profits from countries in default, with the statement estimating $14 billion earned from nations including Ghana, Chad, Zambia, Sri Lanka and Ukraine.
The groups further highlighted France’s opposition at the Seville Conference on Development Financing in July 2025 to establishing a UN-based intergovernmental debt restructuring process, a position the coalition described as obstructive and subsequently condemned by civil society organisations across both hemispheres.
Nearly 70 percent of climate finance directed at Africa has arrived in the form of loans rather than grants, the statement noted, forcing countries to take on additional debt to address a climate crisis they did not historically cause.
The signatories, which include senior officials from ITUC Africa, Afrodad, Oxfam France and several French trade unions, called on France to support debt cancellations for requesting nations, suspend payments for heavily indebted countries including Ethiopia, shift climate financing toward grants and agree to participate in the intergovernmental process on debt reform outlined in the Sevilla Commitment adopted by all UN member states.

